Application of Geochemical Mapping in Unraveling Paleoweathering and Provenance of Karewa Deposits of South Kashmir, NW Himalaya, India
Authors
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Geological Survey of India, State Unit, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad - 500 068
Nadeem A. Bhat -
Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 221005
B. P. Singh
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Geological Survey of India, State Unit, Karnataka and Goa, Banglore - 560 001
Aijaz A. Bhat
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Geological Survey of India, Northern Region, Lucknow - 226 024
Som Nath
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Geological Survey of India, Western Region, Jaipur – 302 004
D. B. Guha
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-019-1124-xAbstract
Ninety Six composite stream sediment samples of Karewa deposits from parts of Pulwama and Budgam districts of south Kashmir were analysed for major, trace and rare earth elements to understand the nature of weathering and provenance. A-CN-K and A-CNK-FM plots of the samples indicate almost similar contents in Al2O3, CaO, Na2O, K2O and MgO as those of upper crust, reflecting very poor to moderate weathering history. Similarly, the low to moderate chemical index of alteration (CIA) values (33.97 to 68.87), chemical index of weathering (CIW) values (57.68 to 84.80) and plagioclase index of weathering (PIA) values (31.49 to 75.67) suggest a low to moderate intensity of weathering in source area. The discriminant function diagrams revealed quartzose sedimentary provenance, with some of the samples falling in intermediate igneous source, probably reflecting recycled orogen provenance. The sample data show fractionated REE patterns with (La/Yb)cn varying from 7.42 to 9.52 and a negative Eu anomaly 0.64 – 0.71, is regarded as evidence for a differentiated source. In La–Th–Sc diagram, sediments fall in a region of mixed source rocks with two samples falling in basic source rock area. The samples fall close to the values of UCC, PAAS and NASC, indicating large provenance with variable geographical and geological setting. On La/Th plot, the sediment data fall into the range of UCC, indicating that the sediments did not have a uniform provenance.
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