The Sundernagar Group: Its Geology, Correlation and Significance as Stratigraphically the Deepest Sediment in the Peninsular or Lesser Himalaya
Authors
-
Geological Survey of India, Nilofar Building, Raj Bagh, Srinagar 190008, Jammu & Kashmir
S. V. Srikantia
Abstract
An association of quartzite, slate and basic volcanics forming the foundation of the Shali Group is designated as the Sundernagar Group. The base of this formation is not exposed and the entire edifice of the sequence, ranging from the Shali, Simla, Blaini, Infra-Krol, Krol, and the Tertiaries, is built upon this formation making it stratigraphically the deepest sediment in the Peninsular or the Lesser Himalaya.
As the history of the Sundernagar Group is closely linked with the events in the northern part of Peninsular India, a correlation is attempted with the Pre-Vindhyan groups like the Delhi, Bijawar and Gwalior. In the Lesser Himalaya, it has been found that most of the older Proterozoic carbonate belts like the Larji, Deoban, Tejam-Pithoragarh, Suparitar (Nawakot) and Baxa contain, at their base an association of quartzite, slate and volcanics. This proves the widespread extension of the Sundernagar rocks and the Mandi-Darla Volcanic episode in the Himalaya during the Delhi period.
From the present study it is postulated that the Pre-Delhi basement complex forms the basement for the entire sedimentary sequence in the Peninsular Himalaya.
Downloads
Issue
Section
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
References
ACHARYYA, S. K. and SHAH, S. C., (1975) Biostratigraphy of the marine fauna associated with diamictites of the Himalayas In: Seminar on Blaini and Related Formations. Bull. Indian Geologists' Assoc., v. 8, pt. 2, pp. 9-23.
AUDEN, J. B., (1934) The Geology of the Krol Belt. Rec. Geol. Surv. India, v. 67, pp. 357-454.
AUDEN, J. B., (1935) Traverses in the Himalaya, Rec. Geol. Surv. India, v. 69 (2), pp. 23-167.
BHARGAVA, O. N., (1972) A reinterpretation of the Krol Belt, Himalayan Geol., v. 2, pp. 47-81.
BORDET, P., (1961) Recherchee geologique dans 1'Himalaya due Nepal, region du Makalu. Edit. Cent. Nat. Rech. Sci. Paris, 275 p.
GANSSER, A., (1964) Geology of the Himalayas, Interscience Publishers, New York, p. 289.
GANESAN, T. M. and VERMA, R. N., (in press) Geology of a part of Simla district (H.P.) and Dehra Dun district (U.P.) with special reference to copper mineralisation, Indian Minerals, v. 28, no. 3.
GUPTA, L. N., (1966) Darang trap and enclosed quartzite-felspathic and carbonaceous inclusions of the Dharmasala area. The Indian Mineralogist, v, 7, (1 & 2).
HEIM, A. and GANSSER, A., (1939) Central Himalaya, Geological observations of the Swiss Expedition. Mem. Soc. Helv. Sci. Nat., v. 73, p. 195.
KRISHNAN, M. S. and SWAMINATH, J., (1959) The great Vindhyan Basin of Northern India. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 1, pp. 10-30.
KUENEN, PH. H., (1964) Deep sea sands and ancient turbidites. In Turbidites: Editors A. H. Bouma and A. Brouwer, Elsevier Publishing Company.
KUMMEL, B. and TEICHERT, C., (1970) Stratigraphic Boundary Problems: Permian and Triassic of West Pakistan. Dept. of Geol. Univ. of Kansas. Special publication 4, p. 474.
MEHDI, S. H., KUMAR, G. and PRAKASH, G., (1972) Tectonic evaluation of eastern Kumaun Himalaya: a new approach. Himalayan Geol., v. 2, pp. 481-501.
NAUTIYAL, S. P., JANGPANGI, B. S., PUSHKAR SINGH, GUHA SARKAR, T. K., BHATE, V. D., RAGHAVAN, M. R. and SAHAI, T. N., (1964) Preliminary note on the geology of Bhutan Himalaya. Rep. 22nd Session Int. Geol. Cong., pt. XI, Section II, New Delhi, pp. 1-14.
PAREEK, H. S., (1973) Geological setting, petrography and petrochemistry of the Darla Trap and its comparative study with Mandi and Panjal Traps. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 14, pp. 355-368.
PASCOE, E. H., (1950) A Manual of the geology of India and Burma. New Delhi, v. 1, p. 485.
PATWARDHAN, A. M., BHANDARI, A. and SINGH, G., (1970) Mandi Traps - Their field occurrence and geochemistry. Pub. Cent. Adv. Stud. Geol. Punjab Univ., no. 77, pp. 45-54.
PILGRIM, G. E. and WEST, W. D., (1928) The structure and correlation of Simla rocks. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, v. 53, pp. 1-140.
RAHA, P. K. and SASTRY, M. V. A., (1973) Stromatolites from the Jammu Limestone, District Udhampur, Jammu and their stratigraphic significance Himalayan Geol., v. 3, pp. 135-147.
RASTOGI, S. P., (1973) A note on the occurrence of a fenestellid bryozoa in the lower limestone unit of the Shali formation. Indian Minerals, v. 27, pp. 88-91.
SASTRI, V. V., BHANDARI, L. L., RAJU, A. T. R. and DATTA, A. K., (1971) Tectonic framework and subsurface stratigraphy of the Ganga Basin. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 12, no. 3, pp. 222-233.
SHARMA, R. P., (1972) Elucidation of structure and stratigraphy of Deoban belt, north of the Tons river in H .P. Himalaya (Abstr). Appreciation Seminar on use of air photo-interpretation in Survey and mapping of natural resources. Indian photo-interpretation Institute.
SHARMA, V. P., (1969) Geology of Kulu Rampur Belt, Himachal Pradesh, Mem. Geol. Surv. India, v. 106 (in press).
SHARMA, V. P., CHATURVEDI, R. K. and SUNDARAM, R., (1973) An account of the stratigraphy and structure of Doda-Bhadarwah-Basantgarh Region, Jammu Himalaya. Seminar on Geodynamics of the Himalayan region, National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderbad, pp. 110-121.
SINGH, H. N. and SRIKANTIA, S. V. (1972) Geology and tectonics of Mandi-Sundernagar area. Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh. Symposium on Himalayan Geology, 1963. Geol. Surv. India, Misc. Pub., no. 15, pp. 221-228.
SRIKANTIA, S. V., (1962) Report on the Geology of part of Mandi-Sundernagar area falling in toposheet nos. 53A/14 and 53A/15. Mss. Report Geol. Surv. India (unpublished).
SRIKANTIA, S. V., (1973) The tectonic and stratigraphic position of 'Panjal Volcanics' in the Kashmir Himalaya - a reappraisal. Himalayan Geol., v. 3, pp. 59-71.
SRIKANTIA, S. V., (1973a) An outline tectonic picture of the Simla Himalaya with special reference to Shali and other structural belts. Seminar on Geodynamics of the Himalayan Region. Nat. Geophy. Res. Inst., Hyderabad, pp. 122-135.
SRIKANTIA, S. V. and BHARGAVA, O. N., (1967) Kakara Series: a new Paleocene Formation in Simla Hills, Bull. Geol. Soc. India, v. 4, no. 4, pp. 114-116.
SRIKANTIA, S. V. and BHARGAVA, O. N., (1974a) 'Jaunsar' problem in the Himalaya - a critical analysis and elucidation. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 15, no. 2, pp. 115-136.
SRIKANTIA, S. V. and BHARGAVA, O. N., (1974b) The Salkhala and Jutogh relationship in the Kashmir and Himachal Himalaya - A reappraisal. Himalayan Geol., v. 4, pp. 396-413.
SRIKANTIA, S. V. and BHARGAVA, O. N., (1974c) The tectonic Evolution of Himachal Himalaya. In Tectonics and Mettallogeny in Southeast Asia and Far East, held in Calcutta. 1974. Geol. Surv. India, pp. 9-12.
SRIKANTIA. S. V. and SHARMA, R. P., (1969) The Geology of the Shali Belt and the adjoining area in the Simla Himalaya. Mem. Ceol. Surv. India, v. 106, (in press).
SRIKANTIA. S. V. and SHARMA, R. P., (1969) Shali Formation: a note on the stratigraphic sequence. Bull. Geol;. Soc. India, v. 6, no. 3, pp. 93-97.
SRIKANTIA. S. V. and SHARMA, R. P., (1971) Simla Group - a reclassification of the 'Chail Series', 'Jaunsar Series' and 'Simla Slates' in the Simla Himalaya. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 12, no. 3, pp. 234-240.
SRIKANTIA. S. V. and SHARMA, R. P., (1972) The Pre-Cambrian salt deposit of the Himachal Pradesh Himalaya - its occurrence, tectonics and correlation, Himalayan Geology, v. 2, pp. 222-228.
VALDIYA, K. S., (1962) An outline of the stratigraphy and structure of the southern part of Pithoragarh district, Uttar Pradesh, Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 3, pp. 27-48.
VALDIYA, K. S., (1969) Stromatolites of the Lesser Himalayan carbonate formations and Vindhyans. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-25.
WADIA, D. N., (1928) The Geology of Poonch State (Kashmir) and adjacent portions of Panjab. Jour. Geol. Surv. India, pt. 2, pp. 185-370.
WADIA, D. N., (1932) Syntaxis of North-Western Kashmir. Rec. Geol. Surv. India, v. 65, pt. 2, p. 189.
WEST, W. D., (1949) General report for the year 1939. Rec. Geol. Surv. India, v. 78, pt. 1, pp. 1-154.
